A. Anatomy brachial plexus – Flashcards
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in the lateral protrusions, the thumbs are oriented in which direction |
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superiorally (cranially) |
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limb muscle masses (2) |
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posterior compartment muscles and anterior compartment muscles |
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brachial plexus innervation |
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anterior rami C5-T1 |
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irritation of diaphragm shows up where? |
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radially in C3,4,5 sections of skin on arm - mid forearm to lower neck |
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dermatome innervation roughly corresponds to |
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myotome innervation |
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myotome / dermatome = |
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muscle mass / area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve |
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somite = |
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myotome, dermatome, and one other thing |
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what does the dorsal ramus innervate |
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epaxial muscles (postural muscles of back) |
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glenohumeral joint |
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order of brachial plexus |
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RTDCB roots trunks divisions cords branches |
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3 trunks |
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superior, medial, inferior |
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3 pair divisions |
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anterior and posterior of each trunk |
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3 cords |
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lateral, posterior, medial |
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terminal branches |
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musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median, ulnar |
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m.c. innervation |
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c5-c7 |
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axillary innervation |
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c5,c6 |
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radial innervation |
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c5-t1 (all!) |
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median innervation |
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c6-t1 |
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ulnar innervation |
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c8,t1 |
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long thoracic nerve (location, what it innervates, and motor or sensory = LIMS) |
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comes off c5-c7 roots, serratus anterior, motor only |
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dorsal scapular nerve LIMS |
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comes off c5 root, rhomboids, both |
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nerve to subclavius LIMS |
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comes off superior trunk, subclavius, both |
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suprascapular nerve |
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comes off superior trunk, infraspinatus and supraspinatus, motor only |
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lateral pectoral nerve LIMS |
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comes off lateral cord, pec. major, motor only |
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medial pectoral nerve LIMS |
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comes off anterior division of inferior trunk, pec. minor (and major), motor only |
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medial cutaneous brachial nerve |
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medial cord, lower arm sensory |
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medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve |
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medial cord, upper arm sensory |
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upper subscapular nerve |
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posterior cord, superior subscapularis, motor |
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thoracodorsal nerve |
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posterior cord, latissimus dorsi, motor |
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lower subscapular nerve |
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posterior cord, inferior subscapularis and teres major, motor |
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for brachial plexus, lateral = |
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more cranial, and medial = more caudal |
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anterior division nerves |
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m.c., median, ulnar. |
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posterior division nerves |
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axillary, radial |
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axillary innervates |
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deltoids |
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anterior and posterior compartments are |
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REAL, linked by development and bound by fascia |
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m.c. innervates |
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brachialis, coracobrachialis, biceps (flexors) |
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radial nerve innervates (2) |
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triceps (extensors), anconeusa |
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median innervates |
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thumb and corresponding forearm area |
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ulnar innervates |
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fingers other than thumb, opposite forearm area to radial area |
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hyperextension at the neck = |
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upper brachial plexus injury |
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"waiter's tip" |
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erb-duchenne palsy = upper brachial plexus injury. loss of brachial flexors = medially rotated arm and dropped shoulder = fully extended arm. m.c. or axillary. |
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lower brachial plexus injury |
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lose grip, can't flex hand = claw hand or clumpky's paralysis. ulnar or median. |
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supracondylar fracture |
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median nerve and brachial artery can be pinched = "ape-hand" or "ape-thumb" palsy = can't oppose thumb |
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actions of upper limb |
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adduction, abduction, lateral rotation, medial rotation, flexion, extension (for these two know the joint that is affected), supination, pronation |
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have to know netter's SENSORY innervation map! |
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