Nomenclature & Formula Writing – Flashcards

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metals want to...
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lose electrons
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non-metals want to...
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gain electrons
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types of compounds
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  1. ionic (salts)
  2. covalent (molecules)
  3. acids
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Cations
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  1. have lost electrons
  2. + charge
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anions
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  1. have extra electrons
  2. - charge
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ammonium
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NH4+1
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hydrogen
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H+1
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Lithium
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Li+1
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potassium
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K+1
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silver
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Ag+1
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Cuprous
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Cu+1
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mercurous
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Hg+1
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Sodium
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Na+1
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Barium
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Ba+2
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Calcium

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Ca+2
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Chromium
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Cr+2
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Cobalt
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Co+2
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Cupric
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Cu+2
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Ferrous
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Fe+2
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Lead
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Pb+2
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Magnesium
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Mg+2
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Mercury
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Hg+2
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Nickel
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Ni+2
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Stannous
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Sn+2
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zinc
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Zn+2
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aluminum
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Al+3
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arsenic

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As+3
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Chromic
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Cr+3
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Cobaltic
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Co+3
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Feric
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Fe+3
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cerium
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Ce+4
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plumbic
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Pb+4
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Stannic
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Sn+4
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titanium
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Ti+4
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ion
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a charged particle or a group of atoms that has a charge
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acetate
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C2H3O2-1
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bromate
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BrO3-1
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bromide
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Br-1
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chlorate
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ClO3-1
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chloride
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Cl-1

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chlorite
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ClO2-1
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cyanate
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CNO-1
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cyanide
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CN-1
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fluoride
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F-1
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hydride
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H-1
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hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate
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HCO3-1
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hydroxide
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OH-1
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hypochlorite
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ClO-1
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Iodate
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IO3-1
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iodide
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I-1
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nitrate

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NO3-1
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nitrite
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NO2-1
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perchlorate
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ClO4-1
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permanganate
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MnO4-1
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thiocyanate
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SCN-1
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benzoate

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C6H3CO2-1
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carbonate
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CO3-2
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chromate
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CrO4-2
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dichromate
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Cr2O7-2
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monohydrogen phosphate
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HPO4-2
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oxalate
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C2O4-2
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oxide
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O-2
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peroxide
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O2-2
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sulfate
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SO4-2
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sulfide
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S-2
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sulfite
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SO3-2
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thiosulfate
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S2O3-2
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ferricyanide
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FeCn6-3
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nitride
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N-3
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phosphate
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PO4-3
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ferrocyanide
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FeCN6-4
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ionic substances
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  1. metals + non-metals
  2. end in -ide, -ite, or -ate
  3. no di-, tri- except for dichromate
  4. cation + anion
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covalent substances
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  1. all non-metals (usually)
  2. uses di-, tri-. tetra-
  3. ends in -ide
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acids
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  1. all start with hydrogen + anion
  2. when hydrogen is the anion, it's an acid
  3. if the salt WOULD BE -ide...Hrydo;;;;;;;;; ic acid
  4. if the salt WOULD BE -ite...;;;;;;;; ous acid
  5. if the salt WOULD BE -ate...;;;;;;;; ic acid
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