Lesson 2: The human Geography of Africa – Flashcards

Estimated population of 1.1 billion people 1/7th of the worlds total youngest continent in world today, 2/3 of its population under 25

Four African countries among top 20 most populous countries in the world

emerged 2 million years ago with tool making and fire using capacities, but smaller brain

modern humans appeared at least 130,000 years ago in Africa gradually spread to other parts of the world beginning at est 60,000 years ago

Five major language families who are blacks, whites, African Pygmies, Khoisan, and Asians

"One o the most dramatic population movements of the past 5,000 years" Indonesian colonization of Madagascar around Ad 500 is "the single most astonishing fact of human geography for the entire world"

Chinese indentured labor in colonial Africa

most famous migrant who spent over 20 years in South Africa from 1893 until his return in 1914 racism toward black Africans

Forced migrations to eastern and Southern Africa

a majority in a multiracial and multicultural nation melting-pot major problem with reference to national cohesion remains poverty pf the majority black African Islands of RODRIGUES

term refers to the San and kho-khoi people of Southern Africa, most whom call Kalahari Desert as their home today colored people of South Africa are said to be products of mixing between the Dutch, the Khoisan and the Cape Malays descendents of Arab, Asia, and European settlers, and mixed communities such as the Swahili of East Africa coast and Colored of South Africa Make up ethnic minority in Botswana, whose rights as an indigenous people are worth protecting

Supposedly the original inhabitants of the Central African Rainforest and surrounding area Whether they were forced as a result of Bantu invasions is still debatable hunter-gatherers adjusted to rainforest environment as expert hunters and excellent musicians integration of schooling, military service, and urban development) is rapidly changing their way of life

lighter complexion that include, Arabs, Berbers, Persians, Nubians, and Tuareg

White Africans Nomadic Berber group nicknamed the "Blue men of the Sahara" whose names mean "abandoned by God" in Arabic found in Mali, Niger, Libya, Algeria, and Burkina Faso

are a region of the continent that is a melting pot of people from Africa, Asia, and Europe language belongs to Afroasiatic family rich melange of indigenous Berber and Egyptian peoples, co mingled with inhabitants of Greek, Phoenician, roman settlements, Arab invaders, Jewish communities, Moors from iberian peninsula

Began settlement in south Africa at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 Were later joined by French Huguenots fleeing religious persecution in France adopted the name AFIKANERS while calling the real Africans Bantu or Blacks with addition of British settlers toward end of 18th century , whites established minority rule and the system of apartheid, which did not disappear until advent of nonracial democracy in 1994

settled in Algeria in 1830 conceded to Algeria after bloody liberation war from 1954-1962 descendents live in Mauritius and in French Departments of Mayotte (Comoros) and Reunion

Established strong presence as settlers in Zimbabwe and Kenya and settler enclaves in Zambia and Nysasaland Laid the groundwork for modern agriculture, industrialization, and infrastructure development

Earliest to set foot in Central and Southern Africa, but never did establish a strong settler presence until the 20th century influenced by African Liberation Movement, armed a coup d'etat in April 1974 resulting in independence of all Portuguese territories in Africa (Angola and Mozambique)

Eight African countries with the highest number of whites of European ancestry today

complex societies produced by the great Sudanic states : Ghana, Songhay, and Mali Mansa Musa of MALI, one of the best known leaders from these states for the enormous quantity of gold he took with him on his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324-25 other large states include: Kanem-Bornu, Benin, Ashanti, Oyo, and Dahomey Smaller states include: Mossi, Tukolor, and Hausa cities

Great Sudanic states

of MALI, one of the best known leaders from these states for the enormous quantity of gold he took with him on his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324-25

Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia, with rich indigenous cultures that have interacted with North Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and Bantu African Division of Sudan into two states has not resolved identity based but politically driven conflicts between people of Arab culture and those of black African culture as seen by DARFUR crisis

In Central, East, and Southern Africa dramatic population movement that made Africa a predominantly black continent apparently took the best land and animal husbandry from pygmes in central African Rainforest and Khoisan in Sothern Africa "is more likely to have ebbed a flower over the two millennia, transfer of idea just as important as the migration of people"

constitute a single branch of the Niger-Congo family of languages defined by the criterion of mutual intelligibility meaning that speakers of different but related varieties can understand each other, or at least some phrases

under centralized states with economies based on agriculture and long-distance trade in minerals, fish, and other commodities, the Bantu developed a level of material life comparable to dev societies in the world Great Simbabwe, a Shiona kingdom reached the height of its glory in the 14th century, dominated the trading networks in gold and ivory extending from Swahili coast to India and China between 1150 and 1400 giving rise to Monomotapa Groups of non-Bantu black in Bantu Africa including: Nilo-Saharan Languages and Cushititc languages Nilotic languages from upper Nile are black Africans