Oil and Gas industry Essay

The global oil and gas industry also involves the exploration and production of commodity and energy trading, pipeline monitoring and renewable energy. Petroleum Is proved to be one of the most valuable commodities in the world today and a vital factor In the sustenance of Industrial clvlllzatlon, Crude oil production accounts for a significant amount of the world’s oll consumption, approximately 53% in the Middle East, 32% In Europe and Asia, 44% In South and Central America, 41% in Africa and 40% in North America.

Developed countries represent the largest consumers of oil globally. Statoil is a fully integrated oil and gas company operating in industry segments such as the production and refining of petroleum, natural gas, and petrochemicals. Crude oil is the largest segment of the global oil and gas market, accounting for 62. 9% of the markets total volume. The natural gas segment accounts for the remaining 37. 1% of the market. Asia-Pacific accounts for 35. 8% of the global oll and gas market value, while the Americas accounts for a further 31. % of the global market, Europe accounts for 24. 8% while the middle east accounts for 7. 9% of the global market. Where geographic segmentation Is concerned the axis of the 011 market is shifting from the trade between the Middle East exporters and US and European importers to one that links Asian developing markets to Middle East, which no longer has sufficient oil to support these markets’ growing needs. Oil production in the US was the largest in the world in 2012 3. 1. 42. 1. Market structure, size, growth and cyclicality As indicated above, the global oil and gas Industry comprises two streams, which are upstream – made up of petroleum exploration, production and extraction Including ctlvltles such as signing of leases, placing produced llqulds and gas Into pipelines, midstream – comprlslng of processing and transporting of produced liquids and gas from the well site to a downstream facility such as a refinery, downstream facilities deal with refining and processing of crude oil and gas products, as well as their distribution and marketing.

Some companies operate in the industry as fully integrated companies (i. e. having both upstream and downstream interests) while others concentrate on a particular sector, such as exploration and production (E&P) or refining and marketing. The global oil and gas industry exhibited a volatile performance over the past five years (2008-2013b largely driven by the global economic slowdown and subsequent recovery. Although tensions in the Middle East and Increasing difficulty In the extraction process threaten to hinder growth over the next five years, however greater economic activity In emerging markets will keep demand buoyant. il and gas exports account for more than 15% of the value of global exports and provide more than 25% GDP in Russia, Central Asia and members of the organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Just over 10% of the value of the world’s stock markets is invested in the oil and gas industry. The global oil and gas industry after a significant decline in 2009 has returned to dynamic growth in terms of market consumption, statistics show oil and gas supplies 57% of global commercial energy consumption.

The global oil and gas market had total revenues of $3,065. 7bn in 2012, Nhich denotes a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1 . 7% between 2008 and 2012. In contrast, European markets declined with a CAGR of 0. 1% while the Asia- Pacific market grew with a CAGR of 5. % within 2008 – 2012 to attain respective values of $761. 6bn and $1 ,096bn in 2012. Global oil and gas demand was expected to grow by 1. 1 million barrels per-day in 2013 from 89. 0million barrels per-day in 2012 and by further 1. 2 million barrels per-day in 2014.

Market consumption volumes also rose with a CAGR of 1. 5% within 2008 and 2012, to attain a collective volume of 45. 6 billion barrels equivalent (BOE) in 2012. The market’s total volume is projected to rise to 48 billion barrels equivalent (BOE) by the and of 2017, representing a CAGR of 1% for the 2012-2017 period. Crude oil consumption had the highest volume in the global oil and gas market in 2012, with total consumption of 28. 7 billion barrels equivalent (BOE), accounting for Jp to 62. 9% of the market’s overall volume.

In contrast, consumption of natural gas had a volume of 16. 9 billion barrels equivalent (BOE) in 2012, accounting for 37. 1% of the market total. rhe market performance is projected to depict similar trends with a predicted CAGR of 1. 5% for the five year period 2012-2017, which is projected to drive the market to a ‘alue of $3,302bn by the end of 2017. Comparatively, the European market is orecasted to decline with a CAGR of 1. 4% and the Asia-Pacific market is expected to rise with a CAGR of 0. % over the same period, to reach respective values of $711. 1 bn and $1,134. 9bn in 2017. Global oil price dynamics are subject to many factors, primarily the balance of supply and demand, macroeconomic and geopolitical situations, dynamics of the US dollar exchange rate and conditions on the global financial markets. The global oil and gas industry will continue to operate within the context of involvements by governments In their own territory and their interaction with other governments.